Which term describes the action of a higher court reviewing a lower court's ruling?

• A. Indictment
• B. Arraignment
• C. Appeal
• D. Remand

Answer: (C)

An appeal is the act of a higher court reviewing a lower court’s ruling to determine if legal errors were made or proper procedures were followed. This process concentrates on questions of law and the correct application of statutes, rather than re-trying the facts of the case, and it can result in upholding the original decision, reversing it, or sending the case back to the lower court for further action with instructions. The other terms refer to different stages: an indictment is the formal charge that starts the case, arraignment is the defendant’s first court appearance to enter a plea, and remand means sending the case back to the lower court for additional action.